Management of the fungal infections and challenges associated with it

Abstract

Fungal infections are becoming more common at an alarming rate, which poses a significant challenge to medical experts. This growth is directly linked to the rise in the number of people with impaired immune systems as a result of modifications to medical practice, including the use of immunosuppressive medications and intense chemotherapy. HIV and other illnesses that impair immunity have also had a role in this issue. Mucous membranes, keratinous tissues, and the skin are all impacted by superficial and subcutaneous fungal infections. This class includes some of the most common skin conditions that impact millions of people globally. They can have crippling consequences on a person's quality of life and, in certain cases, spread to other people or become invasive, even though they are rarely life-threatening. Fungal pathogens employ several tactics to compromise the immune system of the host and escalate infections. The range of antifungal drugs available is used to treat a number of superficial and systemic diseases. The well-established evidence of fungal resistance to most antifungal medicines complicates antifungal therapy and makes disease control challenging. Fungal resistance is caused by a range of genetic alterations, physiological alterations, and selection in the presence of antifungal drugs. The lack of a wide range of antifungal drugs, resistance building, and biofilm-conferred resistance are the main reasons for the need for novel therapeutics and other approaches to enhance treatment outcomes against mycoses.