Antinephrolithiasis effect of ethanol extract of Phaleria macrocarpa (Scheff.) boerl in male wistar rat

Abstract

Objective: The aim of this research was to determine in vitro and in vivo antinephrolithiasis activity. Methods: In vitro nephrolithiasis activity was performed by incubating calcium oxalate and ethanol extract of Phaleria macrocarpa fruit at 37^oC for six hours. In vivo test was induced by administration of 0.75% ethylene glycol and 2% ammonium chloride for 10 days and continued to ethanol extract of Phaleria macrocarpa fruit administration for 10 days then determined calcium oxalate concentration. Results: The in vitro results showed that ethanol extract of Phaleria macrocarpa significantly dissolved calcium oxalate. The in vivo result showed that ethanol extract of Phaleria macrocarpa  fruit decrease calcium oxalate concentration of kidney at dose of 200 and 400mg/kg BW were significantly different (P< 0.05) to negative control.  Conclusion: Ethanol extract of Phaleria macrocarpa fruit has antinephrolithiasis activity on in vitro and in vivo