Phytochemical screening and evaluation of antioxidant activity of methanolic extract of Kenyan Hydnora abyssinica A. Braun (Hydnoraceae)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.56511/JIPBS.2015.v2.i01.pp01-06Abstract
Hydnora abyssinica is a leafless medicinal herb characterized by rhizome and flower only. The decoction of the rhizome has been used in Kenya to manage infections, cancer and removal of retained placenta. Plant secondary metabolites that exhibit antioxidant activity are well documented and include mainly the phenolics. The objective of this study was to carry out phytochemical screening and investigate the antioxidant activity of the methanol extract of H. abyssinica rhizome. The extract was prepared by maceration. Phytochemical screening was done by standard methods and in vitro antioxidant activity was evaluated using 1,1-diphenyl-2-picryhydrazyl (DPPH) scavenging assay. Phytochemical studies revealed presence of alkaloids and glycosides which are reported for the first time being characteristic of this plant while tannins, phenols, steroids, flavonoids, terpenoids and fatty acids confirms reports of other similar studies on the Sudanese Hydnora abyssinica. Saponins, volatile oils and coumarins were not present in both the rhizome and flowers. DPPH free radical scavenging activity of the rhizome methanolic extract showed potential antioxidant activity with IC50 values of 26.7 µg/ml compared with that of 29.3 µg/ml for L-ascorbic acid standard. Activity of the methanolic extract may be associated with the presence of a number of varied classes of phytochemicals. This study perhaps pave way for further studies to provide data that would validate its medicinal uses and focus on bioassay guided fractionation and isolation of active compounds from its extracts.
Keywords:
Radical scavenging activity, DPPH, Maceration, Phytochemical screeningDownloads
References
Ahmad Sayeed (2007). Pharmacognosy, Introduction of plant constituents and their tests. Jamia Hamdard. New Delhi-
Chang H., Ho Y., Sheu M., Lin Y., Tseng S., Huang G. and Chang Y. (2007). Antioxidant and free radical scavenging activities of Phellinus merrilli extracts. Botanical studies. 48:407-417.
Evans W.C. Trease and Evans (2008). Pharmacognosy 15 th Ed. WB Saunders Company Ltd., London. p. 241-243.
Ganesan S. and Roopam Y. Bhatt. (2008). Qualitative nature of some traditional crude drugs available in commercial markets of Mumbai, Marharashtra, India. Ethnobotanical leaflets. 12: 348-360.
Houghton Peter J. and Raman Amala. Laboratory Handbook for the fractionation of Natural Extracts Pharmacognosy Research Laboratories. Chapman and Hall. London. 1998, p. 154188.
Koko S.W., Osman E.E. and Galal M. (2009). Antioxidant and antiglycation potential of some Sudanese medicinal plants and their isolated compounds, Bioletin Latinoamericano y del Caribe de Plantas Medicinales y Aromaticas, 8(5):402-411
Kokwaro J.O. (2009). Medicinal plants of East Africa (Third edition) Kenya: East Africa Literature Bureau.
Maundu M.K. (1999). Traditional food plants of Kenya. Kenya: National Museums of Kenya.
Musila W., Kisangau D. and Muema J. (2004). Conservation status and use of medicinal plants by traditional medical practitioners in Machakos District, Kenya. National Museums of Kenya. Available at Http:/www.ed.psu.edu/ick2004proceedi ngs/Accessed 18-11-2013.
Musselman J.L. and Visser J.H (1987) Hydnora johannis in Southern Africa. Dinteria NR. 19 – Windhoek S.E.A. – MAI. 77-82.
Ndwigah S. N. (2013). Phytochemical, antibacterial and antifungal study of Dombeyatorrid (J.F. Gmel) and Hydnora abyssinica (A. Braun). PhD Thesis. University of Nairobi.
Nickaval B., Kamalinejad M. and Izadpanah H. (2007). Invitro free radical scavenging activity of five Salvia species. Pak. J. Pharm. Sci., 20 (4), 291-294
Ogochukwu C.S., Uche A. and Ifeanyi O. (2013). Prelimnary phytoscreening of different solvent extracts from stem bark and roots of Dennetia tripetala G. Baker. Asian Journal of Plant science and Research, 3(3):10-13.
Ruiz-Terán F., MedranoMartίnez A. and Navarro-O cańa (2008). Antioxidant and free radical scavenging activities of plant used extracts used in traditional medicine in Mexico.Afr. J. Biotechnol. 7(12)1886-1893.
Saadabi A.M.A and Ayoub S.M.H. (2009). Comparative bioactivity of Hydnora abyssinica A. Braun agains different groups of fungi and bacteria. Journal of Medicinal Plants Research. 3(4) 262-265.
Savithrama N., Linga Rao M. and Suhrulatha D. (2011). Screening of Medicinal Plants for secondary metabolites. Middle East J. Sci. Res., 8(3):579-584.
Srivastava P., Raut N. H., Puntambekar M. H., Upadhye S. A. and Desai C. A (2010). Stability studies of crude plant material of Bacopa monnieri and its effect on free radical scavenging activity. J Phytol (2010) 103-109.
Tennakoon K.U., Bolin J .F. Musselman J.A. and Maass E. (2007). Structural attributes of the Hypogeous holoparasite Hydnora triceps Drège and Meyer (Hydronaceae). AJB.
Yadav RNS. and Agarwala (2011). Phytochemical analysis of some medicinal plants. Journal of Phytology, 3(12): 10-14.
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
Copyright (c) 2015 Onyancha J. M, Cherongis C. N., Nzivo J. M, Muriithi G. I, Njuguna D. G, Mwalukumbi J. M
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Journal of Innovations in Pharmaceutical and Biological Sciences is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License. Based on a work at