Liposomal carrier systems used to encapsulate garcinia extract, green coffee, and carnitine in a drinkable product
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.56511/JIPBS.2018.v5.i01.pp70-73Abstract
In the last decades, the study and development of nutritional products have increased. Garcinia plants, green coffee, and carnitine are natural products that have been investigated due to its beneficial effects on health and pharmacological properties. Liposomes are a very common formulation option to improve the physicochemical properties and increase the bioavailability and stability of natural products. In this study, a drinkable product with garcinia extract, green coffee, and carnitine encapsulated in liposomal vesicles was characterized. The liposomes morphology and structure were analyzed by light microscopy to determine its shape, size (diameter), and membrane thickness. The formulation was characterized measuring the following parameters: pH, degrees Brix, conductivity, refraction index, and specific gravity. The obtained results and the execute analysis indicate that liposomes are multivesicular and multilamellar structures, a conformation with higher stability than simple liposomes. The physicochemical parameters measured can be used as quality control tests and as a start point to get better and optimize the formulation in terms of stability and organoleptic properties
Keywords:
Carnitine, Phosphatidylcholine, Garcinia, Multivesicular Liposomes, Multilamellar Liposomes, Nutritional ProductDownloads
References
Alavi S, Haeri A, Dadashzadeh S: Utilization of chitosan-caged liposomes to push the boundaries of therapeutic delivery. Carbohydr Polym 2017; 157:991 – 1012.
Mirafzali Z, Thompson CS, Tallua K: Application of Liposomes in the Food Industry. Microencapsulation in the Food Industry. Elsevier Inc.; 2014; 139-150.
Liu W, Wei F, Ye A, Tian M, Han J: Kinetic stability and membrane structure of liposomes during in vitro infant intestinal digestion : Effect of cholesterol and lactoferrin. Food Chem 2017; 230:6 – 13.
Frenzel M, Steffen-heins A: Whey protein coating increases bilayer rigidity and stability of liposomes in food-like matrices. Food Chem 2015; 173:1090 – 9.
Koynova R, Tihova M: Nanosized self-emulsifying lipid vesicles of diacylglycerol-PEG lipid conjugates : Biophysical characterization and inclusion of lipophilic dietary supplements. Biochimica et Biophysica ActaBiomembr 2010; 1798(3):646 – 53.
Tai K, He X, Yuan X, Meng K, Gao Y, Yuan F: Comparison of physicochemical and functional properties of icaritin-loaded liposomes based on different surfactants. Colloids Surfaces A Physicochem Eng Asp 2017; 518(17):218 – 31.
Giansanti L, Mauceri A, Galantini L, Altieri B, Piozzi A, Mancini G: Glucosylated pH-sensitive liposomes as potential drug delivery systems. Chem Phys Lipids 2016; 200:113 – 9.
Liu W, Ye A, Liu W, Liu C, Han J, Singh H: Behaviour of liposomes loaded with bovine serum albumin during in vitro digestion. Food Chem 2015; 175:16 – 24.
Li Y, Arranz E, Guri A, Corredig M: Mucus interactions with liposomes encapsulating bioactives : Interfacial tensiometry and cellular uptake on Caco-2 and cocultures of Caco-2 / HT29-MTX. Food Res Int 2017; 92:128 – 37.
Brito L, Luiza A, Berenger R, Raquel M: An overview of anticancer activity of Garcinia and Hypericum. Food Chem Toxicol 2017; (In Press)
Raina R, Mondhe DM, Malik JK: Garcinia cambogia. In: Gupta R, editor. Nutraceutical Efficacy, safety and toxicity. London: Elsevier; 2016; 669 – 80.
Ghosh A, Banik S, Nurul M, Ahmed J: Evaluation of antinociceptive , antihyperglycemic , and membrane stabilizing activities of Garcinia lancifolia Roxb. Journal of Traditional and Complementary Medicine 2017; 1 – 5.
Nguyen CN, Trinh BTD, Tran TB, Nguyen LT, Jäger AK, Nguyen LD: Anti-diabetic xanthones from the bark of Garcinia xanthochymus. Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry Letters 2017; 27(15):3301 – 4.
Dziki D, GawlikDziki U, Pecio Ł, Ró ż yło R, Ś wieca M, Krzykowski A, et al.:Ground green coffee beans as a functional food supplement – Preliminary study. Food Sci Technol 2015; 63(1):691 – 9.
Farah A, Monteiro M, Donangelo CM, Lafay S: Chlorogenic Acids from Green Coffee Extract are Highly Bioavailable in Humans. J Nutr 2008; 138(12):2309 – 15.
Jeszka-Skowron M, Stanisz E, De Peña MP: Relationship between antioxidant capacity, chlorogenic acids and elemental composition of green coffee. Food Sci Technol 2016; 73:243 – 50.
Ş emen S, Mercan S, Yayla M, Açıkkol M: Elemental composition of green coffee and its contribution to dietary intake. Food Chem 2017; 215:92 – 100.
Longo N, Frigeni M, Pasquali M: Carnitine transport and fatty acid oxidation. Biochim Biophys Acta 2016; 1863(10):2422 – 35.
Schmengler U, Ungru J, Boston R, Coenen M, Vervuert I: Effects of Lcarnitine supplementation on body weight losses and metabolic profile in obese and insulin-resistant ponies during a 14-week body weight reduction programme. Livest Sci 2013; 155(2 – 3):301 – 7.
Huang C, Mason JT: Geometric packing constraints in egg phosphatidylcholine vesicles. Proc Natl Acad Sci 1978; 75(1):308 – 10.
Chen C, Han D, Zhang Y, Yuan Y, Tang X: The freeze-thawed and freeze-dried stability of cytarabine-encapsulated multivesicular liposomes. Int J Pharm 2010; 387(1 – 2):147 – 53.
Joo K, Xiao L, Liu S, Liu Y, Lee C, Conti PS, et al.: Crosslinked multilamellar liposomes for controlled delivery of anticancer drugs. Biomaterials 2013; 34(12):3098 – 109.
Prévoteau A, Faure C: Effect of onion-type multilamellar liposomes on Trametes versicolor laccase activity and stability. Biochimie 2012; 94(1):59 – 65.
Elvira L, Durán CM, Urréjola J, Montero FR, Espinosa D: Detection of microbial contamination in fruit juices using noninvasive ultrasound. Food Control 2014; 40:145 – 50.
Kim D, Shin G, Lee Y, Seok J, Cho J, Baik S, et al.: Assessment and comparison of the antioxidant activities and nitrite scavenging activity of commonly consumed beverages in Korea. Food Chem 2014; 151:58 – 64.
Dongare ML, Buchade PB, Shaligram AD: Optik Refractive index based optical Brix measurement technique with equilateral angle prism for sugar and Allied Industries. Opt - Int J Light Electron Opt 2015; 126(20):2383 – 5.
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
Copyright (c) 2018 Madrigal-Redondo G, Vargas-Zúñiga R, Chavarría-Rojas M, Sibaja-Rodríguez S, Chaves-Noguera S.
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Journal of Innovations in Pharmaceutical and Biological Sciences is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License. Based on a work at