Antimalarial activities extract of N-hexane, ethyl acetate and ethanol of soursop leaf (Annona muricata L) on mice (Mus musculus) infected with Plasmodium berghei

Abstract

Objective: The purpose of this study was to determine the ability of soursop leafs extract to inhibit the growth of the Plasmodium berghei parasite that causes malaria on mice. Method: Soursop leafs were extracted with multilevel maceration using n-hexane, ethyl acetate and ethanol. The extracts obtained were then tested for antimalarial activity in vivo by measuring the number of parasitemia through thin blood smear of mice infected with Plasmodium berghei. Antimalarial activities were divided into five treatment groups, namely CMC-Na 1%, chloroquine 10 mg/kg bw, n-hexane, ethyl acetate and ethanol soursop leaf extract at a dose of 150 mg/kg bw orally for 5 days and followed by measurement of percent parasitemia. The test data were analyzed statistically using ANOVA, followed by the Post Hoc Tuckey test with the SPSS program. Result: The results of testing the antimalarial activity extract  of n-hexane, ethyl acetate and ethanol showed a decrease in parasitemia and a decrease in the smallest parasitemia was ethyl acetate extract  by 0.12%, this number was lower than the administration of chloroquine as a positive control of 0.26%. The results of parasitic growth inhibition showed that ethanol extract had a percentage of parasite inhibition of 92.15%, the smallest compared to n-hexane extract of 93.51% and ethyl acetate extract of 99.31%.  Conclusion: Extract of n-hexane, ethyl acetate and ethanol of soursop leaf (Annona muricata L) showed antimalarial activities.