Quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa) extract ameliorates hemato-cardio injuries induced by cyclophosphamide® in rats

Abstract

Due to the cytotoxic properties of cyclophosphamide, including hemato-cardiotoxicity, this study aimed to investigate the efficiency of quinoa ethanolic extract to ameliorate cardio-hemato-toxicity accompanied cyclophosphamide therapy in male rats. After acclimatization, adult male Wistar albino rats (160-180g) were randomly divided into four groups (10 animals each); the first group included normal rats and served as control, second group included normal rats orally administration with 400 mg/kg of quinoa ethanolic extract (QEE) for 4 weeks, third group included rats intraperitoneally intoxicated with of cyclophosphamide^® (150 mg/kg/week) for a similar period, and fourth group included rats intoxicated with cyclophosphamide 4 weeks then orally ingested with QEE another four weeks. The obtained results revealed that QEE markedly restored the cardiological and hematological deteriorations induced by cyclophosphamide^®; this was evidenced by the significant reduction in cardiac MDA and NO coupled with marked elevation of cardiac GSH, SOD, GPx and CAT. Also, serum CK, LDH, TNF-α, IL 1β, IL6, cholesterol, triglycerides and LDL were markedly lowered with elevated HDL. Hematological indices and hemoglobin derivatives were markedly restored. In conclusion, QEE exhibited anti-cardio-hematotoxicities property that may be mechanized through the radical scavenging and antioxidant characteristics of its active constituent's especially high phenolic content; reflecting a promising potency of QEE as cardio-hemato protective supplement.